Proto-Indo-European Lexicon (PIE Lexicon)

PIE

(Introduction)

(Abbreviations & References)

PIE √o- (pron.) ‘dieser’

(IEW 281-2)

(Pyysalo: OAnat. + ORuss.)

√o-

(Pyysalo)

PIE *o·

Hitt. a·

(pers./dem.pron.) ‘er, sie, es’

(HEG A:1-3)

(Hitt. ·aš, ·an, etc., HiuA 58f.)

1. PIE *o·

PIE *o → a

Change of *o into a

Ro›a → Hitt. a·

PIE *o·

Pal. a·

(pers./dem.pron.) ‘er, sie, es’

(DPal. 48-9)

(Pal. -aš, -an, -at)

1. PIE *o·

PIE *o → a

Change of *o into a

Ro›a → Pal. a·

PIE *o·Σ

ORuss. o·se

(intj.) ‘ecce!’

(IEW 281-2)

(ORuss. ose)

1. PIE *o·Σ

PIE *o → a

Change of *o into a

Ro›a → *a·Σ

2. a·Σ

*a → o

Change of *a into o

Ra›o → ORuss. o·Σ

√oni-

(HEG A:29)

(HW2 A:81, HIL. 209-10)

PIE *o·ni-

Hitt. a·ni-

(dem.pron.) ‘jener: [IŠ-TU AN-NI-I]Š: GÚ.R[I.TA]’

(HEG A:29-30)

(Hitt. an-ni-iš, KBo 1.42 iii 33)

1. PIE *o·ni-

PIE *o → a

Change of *o into a

Ro›a → Hitt. a·ni-

PIE *o·ni·son

Hitt. a·ni·šan

(adv.) ‘einst, früher’

(HEG A:31)

1. PIE *o·ni·son

PIE *o → a

Change of *o into a

Ro›a → *a·ni·san

2. a·ni·san

PIE *s → š

Orthographic change of *s into š

Rs›š → Hitt. a·ni·šan

(Pyysalo 2013:XX)

PIE √o- (pref.) ‘zu-, er-, dar-, hin-’ (suff.) ‘allativum’

(IEW 280-1)

(Pedersen, Pyysalo)

√o·

(Pyysalo)

PIE *o·smo

Hitt. a·šma

(adv.) ‘zuerst, erstens’

(HEG A:84)

(For a·, cf. Neu apud Tischler)

1. PIE *o·smo

PIE *o → a

Change of *o into a

Ro›a → *a·sma

2. a·sma

PIE *s → š

Orthographic change of *s into š

Rs›š → Hitt. a·šma

(Pyysalo 2013:XX)

PIE *ó·bɑɦso-

Gr. ὄ·ψο-

(n.) ‘Zukost, Zubrot, bes. Fleisch’

(GEW 2:459)

1. PIE *ó·bɑɦso-

PIE *ɑ → Ø

Loss of *ɑ

Rɑ›0 → *ó·bɦso-

(SPIE §2.2.4)

2. ó·bɦso-

*bɦ → ph

Loss of voice of media aspirata *bɦ

Rbɦ›ph → *ó·phso-

3. ó·phso-

*phs → ps

Loss of *h between *p and *s

Rphs›ps → *ó·pso-

4. ó·pso-

Change from Latin to Greek alphabet

RLat›Gr → Gr. ὄ·ψο-

PIE *o·dɑɦi̯u-

gAv. a·idyu-

(a.) ‘tüchtig zu [D], brauchbar, nützlich’

(AIWb. 65-6)

1. PIE *o·dɑɦi̯u-

PIE *ɑ → Ø

Loss of *ɑ

Rɑ›0 → *o·dɦi̯u-

(SPIE §2.2.4)

2. o·dɦi̯u-

PIE *o → a

Change of *o into a

Ro›a → *a·dɦi̯u-

3. a·dɦi̯u-

*dɦ → d

Loss of *ɦ in media aspirata *dɦ

Rdɦ›d → *a·di̯u-

(SPIE §4.8.1.5)

4. a·di̯u-

*adi → aidi

Anaptyxis of *i

RadI›aidI → *a·idi̯u-

5. a·idi̯u-

i̯ → y

Orthographic change of i̯ into y

Ri̯›y → gAv. a·idyu-

PIE *o·Σ

TochA. a·kälyme

(postp.G) ‘versus’

(Poucha 1)

(cf. TochA. kälyme ‘Gegend, Richtung’)

1. PIE *o·Σ

PIE *o → a

Change of *o into a

Ro›a → TochA. a·Σ

PIE *o·ki̯os-

LAv. a·sah-

(n.) ‘Gegend, Landstrich, Platz’

(AIWb. 209)

1. PIE *o·ki̯os-

PIE *ki/i̯ → ć

1st palatalization of *ki/i̯

RkI›ć → *o·ćos-

(SPIE §4.8.4)

2. o·ćos-

PIE *o → a

Change of *o into a

Ro›a → *a·ćas-

3. a·ćas-

*s → h

Change *s into h

Rs›hRestr → *a·ćah-

4. a·ćah-

*ć → s

From Satem *ć to s

Rć›s → LAv. a·sah-

(SPIE §4.8.1.9)

PIE *o·molo

Goth. a·mal-

(PNm.) ‘tapfer, tätig: active, brave’

(GoEtWb. 6)

(Goth. amals [sgN])

1. PIE *o·molo

PIE *o → a

Change of *o into a

Ro›a → *a·mala

2. a·mala

*-a → Ø

Loss of root-final -a

R=a›=0 → Goth. a·mal

PIE *o·molo·Σ

Goth. a·mala·bairgan-

(PNm.) ‘tapfer + bergend’

(GoEtWb. 11)

(Goth. amalabairga)

1. PIE *o·molo·Σ

PIE *o → a

Change of *o into a

Ro›a → Goth. a·mala·Σ

PIE *o·réɦɑgi̯o-

Gr. ὀ·ρέγο-

(pr.) ‘(die Hand) zu erreichen suchen, hinstrecken, darreichen, sich strecken’

(GEW 2:412-413)

(Gr. ὀρέγω)

1. PIE *o·réɦɑgi̯o-

PIE *ɑ → Ø

Loss of *ɑ

Rɑ›0 → *o·réɦgi̯o-

(SPIE §2.2.4)

2. o·réɦgi̯o-

PIE *gi/i̯ → g

Palatovelarization of *gi/i̯ into ǵ

RgI›ǵ → *o·réɦǵo-

(SPIE §4.8.4)

3. o·réɦǵo-

PIE *ɦ → Ø

Loss of segmental *ɦ

Rɦ›0 → *o·réǵo-

(SPIE §2.1.4)

4. o·réǵo-

PIE *ǵ → g

Depalatalization of Centum *ǵ

Rǵ›g → *o·régo-

(SPIE §4.8.4)

5. o·régo-

Change from Latin to Greek alphabet

RLat›Gr → Gr. ὀ·ρέγο-

PIE *o·reɦɑgi̯u-

Oss. ā·rāzu-

(vb.) ‘errichten’

(KEWA 2:425)

(Oss. ārāzun [inf.])

1. PIE *o·reɦɑgi̯u-

PIE *ɑ → Ø

Loss of *ɑ

Rɑ›0 → *o·reɦgi̯u-

(SPIE §2.2.4)

2. o·reɦgi̯u-

PIE *gi/i̯ → j́

1st palatalization of *gi/i̯

RgI›j́ → *o·reɦj́u-

(SPIE §4.8.4)

3. o·reɦj́u-

PIE *o → a

Change of *o into a

Ro›a → *a·reɦj́u-

4. a·reɦj́u-

PIE *ɦ → Ø

Loss of segmental *ɦ

Rɦ›0 → *a·rej́u-

(SPIE §2.1.4)

5. a·rej́u-

*j́ → z

From Satem *j́ to z

Rj́›z → *a·rezu-

(SPIE §4.8.1.9)

6. a·rezu-

*e → a

Change of *e into a

Re›a → *a·razu-

7. a·razu-

*u → w

Orthographic change of *u into w

Ru›w → *a·razw-

8. a·razw-

*a → '

Orthographic change of *a into '

Ra›' → Oss. '·r'zw-

√·o

(Pedersen HiuA 29)

PIE *·o

Hitt. ·a

(end.) ‘allative singular, in, to’

(HIL. 195)

1. PIE *·o

PIE *o → a

Change of *o into a

Ro›a → Hitt. ·a

PIE *.o

Gr. .ο

(end.) ‘allative singular; in, to’

(HIL. 195)

(Gr. ἀπό, ὑπό, πρό, etc.)

1. PIE *.o

Change from Latin to Greek alphabet

RLat›Gr → Gr. .ο

PIE *·o

RV. ·a

(end.) ‘allative singular; in, to’

(HIL. 195)

(RV. ápa, úpa, prá, etc.)

1. PIE *·o

PIE *o → a

Change of *o into a

Ro›a → RV. ·a

PIE *·o

LAv. ·a

(end.) ‘allative singular; in, to’

(HIL. 195)

(LAv. apa, upa, fra, etc.)

1. PIE *·o

PIE *o → a

Change of *o into a

Ro›a → LAv. ·a

PIE √o- ‘horse, bird, eagle’ (as OLith. ešva- (f.) ‘Stute’ and Lith. ded·ešvà- (f.) ‘Vogelwicke’)

(IEW –)

(Pyysalo)

√o-

PIE √ō- (vb.) ‘machen’ (sb.) ‘Arm, Macht, Kraft’ (suff.) ‘Instrumental’

(IEW –)

(Pyysalo: Anat. + IE)

√ō-

PIE *ō-

HLu. ā-

(vb.) ‘do, celebrate, make’

(CHLu. 10.19.2)

(HLu. á-ha [1sg], HLu. á-wa/i-’ [10.19.5])

1. PIE *ō-

PIE *ō → ā

Change of *ō into ā

Rō›ā → HLu. ā-

PIE *ō-

CLu. ā-

(vb.) ‘machen’

(DLL. 23-24)

(CLu. a-ti [3sg], a-ḫa [1sg])

1. PIE *ō-

PIE *ō → ā

Change of *ō into ā

Rō›ā → CLu. ā-

PIE *ō-

LycA. a-

(vb.) ‘machen’

(DLycLg. 2)

(Lyc. adi [pr3sg], ade [pret3sg], adẽ [pret3sg])

1. PIE *ō-

PIE *ō → ā

Change of *ō into ā

Rō›ā → *ā-

2. ā-

*ā → a

Change of *ā into a

Rā›a → LycA. a-

PIE *·ō-

Lith. ·uo-

(end.sgI) ‘the (thematic) instrumental ending’

(Senn 1:108)

(Lith. ·u [sgI], ·uo·ju [sgI+def.])

1. PIE *·ō-

*ō → uo

Change of ō into uo

Rō›uo → Lith. ·uo-

Proto-Indo-European Lexicon

The generative etymological dictionary of Indo-European languages